Notable changes:

* events: make sure console functions exist (Dave) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4479
* fs: add autoClose option to fs.createWriteStream (Saquib) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3679
* http: improves expect header handling (Daniel Sellers) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4501
* node: allow preload modules with -i (Evan Lucas) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4696
* v8,src: expose statistics about heap spaces (`v8.getHeapSpaceStatistics()`) (Ben Ripkens) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4463
* Minor performance improvements:
  - lib: Use arrow functions instead of bind where possible (Minwoo Jung) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3622
  - module: cache stat() results more aggressively (Ben Noordhuis) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4575
  - querystring: improve parse() performance (Brian White) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4675

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4742

Fix a regression introduced in commit 89f056bd ("node: improve
performance of hrtime()") where the nanosecond field sometimes
had a negative value when calculating the difference between two
timestamps.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4751
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4757


Reviewed-By: Evan Lucas <evanlucas@me.com>
Reviewed-By: Trevor Norris <trev.norris@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Сковорода Никита Андреевич <chalkerx@gmail.com>

Modify tools/license-builder.sh to restore the Third-Party Software
licenses for ICU.

Also fix arguments to tail to work on Linux.

rvagg: modified sed command for ICU to replace tabs with spaces and
       remove whitespace at the end of lines

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4762


Reviewed-By: Rod Vagg <rod@vagg.org>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4762


Reviewed-By: Rod Vagg <rod@vagg.org>

ReadableState has the resumeScheduled property that helps determine if
a stream should be resumed. It was not assigned in the constructor.
When stream.resume is called on a readable stream that is not flowing,
it is set to true. This changes the property map of the ReadableState
which can cause a deopt in onEofChunk and needMoreData.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4761


Reviewed-By: Ben Noordhuis <info@bnoordhuis.nl>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>

Previously, test-cluster-disconnect-leak had two issues:

* Magic numbers: How many times to spawn a worker was determined through
empirical experimentation. This means that as new platforms and new
CPU/RAM configurations are tested, the magic numbers require more
and more refinement. This brings us to...

* Non-determinism: The test *seems* to fail all the time when the bug
it tests for is present, but it's really a judgment based on sampling.
"Oh, with 8 workers per CPU, it fails about 80% of the time. Let's try
16..."

This revised version of the test takes a different approach. The fix
for the bug that the test was written for means that the `disconnect`
event will fire reliably for a single worker. So we check for that and
the test still fails when the fix is not in the code base and succeeds
when it is.

Advantages of this approach include:

* The test runs much faster.
* The test now works on Windows. The previous version skipped Windows.
* The test should be reliable on any new platform regardless of CPU and
RAM.

Ref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4674

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4736


Reviewed-By: Ben Noordhuis <info@bnoordhuis.nl>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4753


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Evan Lucas <evanlucas@me.com>

Ref: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/space-in-parens.html
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4753


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Evan Lucas <evanlucas@me.com>

Reduce the number of stat() system calls that require() makes by caching
the results more aggressively.

To avoid unbounded growth without implementing a LRU cache, scope the
cache to the lifetime of the first call to require().  Recursive calls
(i.e. require() calls in the included code) transparently profit from
the cache.

The benchmarked application is the loopback-sample-app[0] and it sees
the number of stat calls at start-up go down by 40%, from 4736 to 2810.

[0] https://github.com/strongloop/loopback-sample-app

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4575


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Refs: #4642
PR-URL: #4719
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

In some conditions it can happen that the client-side socket is
destroyed before the server-side socket has gracefully closed, thus
causing a 'ECONNRESET' error in this socket. To solve this, also close
gracefully in the client side.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3966


Reviewed-By: Fedor Indutny <fedor.indutny@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

AfterGetAddrInfo() can potentially return an empty array of
results without setting an error value. The JavaScript layer
expects the array to have at least one value if an error is
not returned. This commit sets a UV_EAI_NODATA error when an
empty result array is detected.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4545
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4715


Reviewed-By: Ben Noordhuis <info@bnoordhuis.nl>
Reviewed-By: Evan Lucas <evanlucas@me.com>
Reviewed-By: Saúl Ibarra Corretgé <saghul@gmail.com>

Remove a comment that has a word 'XXX'.
And add a line to output debuglog of error.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4690


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Make the byteLength work correctly when input is Buffer.

e.g:

```js
// The incomplete unicode string
Buffer.byteLength(new Buffer([0xe4, 0xb8, 0xad, 0xe6, 0x96]))
```
The old output: 9
The new output: 5

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4738


Reviewed-By: Ben Noordhuis <info@bnoordhuis.nl>
Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

Provide means to inspect information about the separate heap spaces
via a callable API. This is helpful to analyze memory issues.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/2079
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4463


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Trevor Norris <trev.norris@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Ben Noordhuis <info@bnoordhuis.nl>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

This gives us the ability to preload when using the node repl. This can
be useful for doing things like creating aliases.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4661
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4696


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

It's possible there is already an existing error on OpenSSL's error
stack that is unrelated to the EVP_DigestInit_ex() operation we just
executed.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4221
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4731


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Fedor Indutny <fedor@indutny.com>

If one were to set NODE_REPL_HISTORY to a string that contains only a
space (" "), then the history file would be created with that name
which can cause problems are certain systems.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4539


Reviewed-By: Sakthipriyan Vairamani <thechargingvolcano@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Jeremiah Senkpiel <fishrock123@rocketmail.com>

These changes improve parse() performance from ~11-30% on all of
the existing querystring benchmarks.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4675


Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/2205


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/2205


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>

Now returns a 417 error status or allows for an event listener on
the `checkExpectation` event. Before we were ignoring requests that
had misspelled `100-continue` values for expect headers.

This is a quick port of the work done here:
https://github.com/nodejs/node-v0.x-archive/pull/7132 by alFReD-NSH
with surrounding discussion here:
https://github.com/nodejs/node-v0.x-archive/issues/4651

Also updates all the instances of the deprecated
EventEmitter.listenerCount to the current self.listenerCount. Most
of these were in the new code ported over but there was another
legacy instance.

Refs: #2403
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4501


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Add support to fs.createWriteStream and fs.createWriteStream for an autoClose
option that behaves similarly to the autoClose option supported by
fs.createReadStream and fs.ReadStream.

When an instance of fs.createWriteStream created with autoClose === false finishes,
it is not destroyed. Its underlying fd is not closed and it is the
responsibility of the user to close it.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3679


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

If there's no global console cached, initialize it.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4467
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4479


Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

The last sentence of the explanation for the first stream section
seemed a bit confusing. I tried to change the sentence to clarify it.

Additionally, the sections were turned into a numbered list to be more
clear about which section is being described, and improve readability.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4234


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Documents the "path" property on fs.WriteStream
and fs.ReadStream. See #4327

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4368


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4708


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4691


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Evan Lucas <evanlucas@me.com>
Reviewed-By: Jeremiah Senkpiel <fishrock123@rocketmail.com>

The previously listed default of 'http' is incorrect, and
causes an error to be thrown. This commit changes it to the
correct value of 'http:'

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4712
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4714


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Some variables are declared with var more than once in the same scope.
This change reduces the declarations to one per scope.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4633


Reviewed-By: jasnell - James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

Clean up OpenSSL error stack in `ECDH::Initialize`, some curves have
faulty implementations that are leaving dangling errors after
initializing the curve.

Fix: #4686
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4689


Reviewed-By: Sakthipriyan Vairamani <thechargingvolcano@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Shigeki Ohtsu <ohtsu@iij.ad.jp>

This changes vcbuild.bat to accept a new parameter (vc2015 or vc2013)
to select the version of Visual Studio to use.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4645


Reviewed-By: João Reis <reis@janeasystems.com>

A 50ms timeout results in a race condition. Instead, enforce expected
order through callbacks. This has the side effect of speeding up the
test in most situations.

Ref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4476
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4637


Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4194


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Jeremiah Senkpiel <fishrock123@rocketmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4194


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Jeremiah Senkpiel <fishrock123@rocketmail.com>

instead of doc-*

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4412


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>

There is no guarantee that the `suicide` property of a worker in the
master process is going to be set when the `disconnect` and `exit`
events are emitted.

To fix it, wait for the ACK of the suicide message from the master
before disconnecting the worker. Also, there's no need to send the
suicide message from the worker if the disconnection has been
initiated in the master.

Add `test-cluster-disconnect-suicide-race` that forks a lot of workers
to consistently reproduce the issue this patch tries to solve.

Modify `test-regress-GH-3238` so it checks both the `kill` and
`disconnect` cases. Also take into account that the `disconnect` event
may be received after the `exit` event.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4349


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4680


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Replace var keyword with const or let.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/io.js/pull/2286


Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/io.js/pull/2286


Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>