Notable Changes:

* Minor performance improvements:
  - module: move unnecessary work for early return (Andres Suarez) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3579
* Various bug fixes
* Various doc fixes
* Various test improvements

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4626

`fork` is imported twice in a row. Remove duplication.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4634


Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>
Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <mic.besace@gmail.com>

This comment was added with an assumption that we could determine the
IP address that localhost should resolve to without performing a
lookup. This was a false assumption and should be removed.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4648


Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

Do not attempt to read data from the socket whilst on OpenSSL's stack,
weird things may happen, and this is most likely going to result in some
kind of error.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4624


Reviewed-By: Trevor Norris <trev.norris@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

In order to make developers aware of node-core built-in
functionality, which might replace module APIs, we should
add an example of readline`s interface usage.
SEO will eventually aid this goal, since it is well searched
on Q&A sites.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4609


Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com&gt;>

In lib/_http_client.js, the variable `conn` was declared with the `var`
keyword three times in the same scope. This change eliminates the
variable entirely.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4612


Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <mic.besace@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Remove redeclarations of variables in node.js. This includes removing
one apparently unnecessary `NativeModule.require('module')`.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4605


Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>
Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <mic.besace@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

Two tests were requiring the common module twice. This removes the
duplicate require statement in the tests.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4611


Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

The exts and trailingSlash variables are only used if the
path isn't cached. This commit moves them further down in the
code, and changes from var to const.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3579


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Trevor Norris <trev.norris@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <mic.besace@gmail.com>

A few tests in test/gc include the http module twice. Remove duplicate
require().

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4606


Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>
Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <mic.besace@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

The docs were recently refactored, and some "above" and "below"
references were no longer accurate. This commit removes many
such references, and replaces others with links.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4499


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

- Changed colors to match frontpage as close as possible.
- Links are slightly more horizontally padded as compared before to
  accomodate for the hover effect.
- Slightly reduced the scroll indication height on the TOC.
- The main content is now offset using margin instead of the previous
  border hack.
- remove empty footer that was rendering a dark bar on the bottom of
  each page without any content.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4621


Reviewed-By: Jeremiah Senkpiel <fishrock123@rocketmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4617


Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>

Remove unnecessary `setImmediate()` that causes a minor race condition.
Stop the test after 3 occurrences rather than 5 to allow for slower
hosts running the test in parallel with other tests.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4559
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4599


Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4532
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4535


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Evan Lucas <evanlucas@me.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Sam Roberts <vieuxtech@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>

`Server`, `ServerResponse` etc. were marked as classes, this one class
was overlooked.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4589
Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4576


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>

The server method returns `self` in order to allow chaining.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4590
Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/4571


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Roman Reiss <me@silverwind.io>

Missed on the previous review, minor line wrapping nit

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4588


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

`V4MAPPED` isn't supported by Android either (as of 6.0)

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4580


Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

fix description about the latest LTS release download page
to make it clear

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4583


Reviewed-By: Rod Vagg <rod@vagg.org>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

It avoids the creation of unnecessary handles. This issue is causing
intermitent failures in `test-cluster-disconnect-race` on `FreeBSD`
and `OS X`.

The problem is that the `worker2.disconnect` is being called on the
master before the `queryServer` is handled, causing the worker to
be deleted, then the Server handle is created afterwards. Later on,
when `removeWorker` is called from the `exit` handler, there are no
workers left, but one handle, thus the `AssertionError`.

Add a new `test/sequential/test-cluster-disconnect-leak` based on
`test-cluster-disconnect-race` that creates lots of workers and fails
consistently without this patch.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4465


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <rtrott@gmail.com>

Adds Evan Lucas and his public key to the README for releases

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4579


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Myles Borins <myles.borins@gmail.com>

Adds Myles Borins and his public key to the README

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4578


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Evan Lucas <evanlucas@me.com>

Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/3254
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4540


Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4549


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

General improvements to crypto.markdown including new and
revised examples.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4435


Reviewed-By: Fedor Indutny <fedor@indutny.com>
Reviewed-By: Shigeki Ohtsu <ohtsu@iij.ad.jp>

This backport fixes a performance pathology in how arrays grow/shrink.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/3538
V8-Commit: https://github.com/v8/v8/commit/066747ea053012a99e0cd3e20f36b8ed053b2124
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4625


Reviewed-By: cjihrig - Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: targos - Michaël Zasso <mic.besace@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: indutny - Fedor Indutny <fedor.indutny@gmail.com>

Original commit message:
  Make sure that NormalizeElements and ShouldConvertToFastElements are …

  …based on the same values

  BUG=v8:4518
  LOG=n

  Review URL: https://codereview.chromium.org/1472293002

  Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#32265}

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4547

* http:
  - A new status code was added: 451 - "Unavailable For Legal Reasons" (Max Barinov) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4377
  - Idle sockets that have been kept alive now handle errors (José F. Romaniello) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4482
* This release also includes several minor performance improvements:
  - assert: deepEqual is now speedier when comparing TypedArrays (Claudio Rodriguez) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4330
  - lib: Use arrow functions instead of bind where possible (Minwoo Jung) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3622
  - node: Improved accessor perf of process.env (Trevor Norris) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3780
  - node: Improved performance of process.hrtime() (Trevor Norris) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3780, (Evan Lucas) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4484
  - node: Improved GetActiveHandles performance (Trevor Norris) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3780
  - util: Use faster iteration in util.format() (Jackson Tian) https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/3964

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4547

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4547


Reviewed-By: Myles Borins <myles.borins@gmail.com>

The description of "[start[, end]]" in the doc shows warning of
"invalid param" when parsing an optional parameter in the section.
This fixes insufficient trimming of right square brackets.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4537


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

tools/doc/html.js in make doc throws an error in checking a heading
level in the markdown file.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4537


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4536


Reviewed-By: Rod Vagg <rod@vagg.org>
Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <mic.besace@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

Remove unused vars in tests

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4536


Reviewed-By: Rod Vagg <rod@vagg.org>
Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <mic.besace@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

Conflicts:
	test/parallel/test-timers-throw-when-cb-not-function.js

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4534


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Evan Lucas <evanlucas@me.com>
Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>
Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <mic.besace@gmail.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4538


Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

1c858499 "fixed"
test-domain-exit-dispose-again by changing its logic to test that
process.domain was cleared properly in case an error was thrown from a
timer's callback.

However, it became clear when reviewing a recent change that refactors
lib/timers.js that it was not quite the intention of the original test.
Thus, this change adds the original implementation of
test-domain-exit-dispose-again back, with comments that make its
implementation easier to understand.

It also preserve the changes made by
1c858499, but it moves them to a new
test file named test-timers-reset-process-domain-on-throw.js.

PR: #4256
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4256


Reviewed-By: Jeremiah Senkpiel <fishrock123@rocketmail.com>

Remove all remaining unused variables from tests in test/parallel.

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4511


Reviewed-By: James M <Snell&lt;jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>

Wait for worker2 to come online before doing anything that might result
in an EPIPE. Fixes flakiness of test on Windows.

Fixes: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/3956
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4510


Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>
Reviewed-By: James M <Snell&lt;jasnell@gmail.com>

This change adds a new event handler to the `error` event of the socket
after it has been used by the http_client.

The purpose of this change is to catch errors on *keep alived*
connections from idle sockets that otherwise will cause an uncaugh error
event on the application.

Fix: #3595
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4482


Reviewed-By: Fedor Indutny <fedor@indutny.com>